Richard the Lionheart and the Third Crusade

After Saladin's capture of Jerusalem in 1187, King Richard of England and King Philip of France lead a crusade in 1191 to drive the Muslims out of the Holy Land. Only partially successful because the kings quarreled, this crusade recaptured some coastal cities, but left Jerusalem in Muslim hands. Richard agreed to a truce with Saladin and returned home, only to be captured and imprisoned by the Duke of Austria. Though many crusades followed this one, none was successful.